Epstein-Barr virus and JC virus Reactivation in Dermatological Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is a serious and usually fatal CNS infection caused by JC polyoma virus. CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphopenia, resulting from HIV infection, chemotherapy, or immunosuppressive therapy, are the primary risk factors. The immune modulatory monoclonal antibodies rituximab, natalizumab, and efalizumab have received regulatory approval in the USA and Europe for treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (Europe onl...

Cytomegalovirus infection is a frequent complication after transplantation.This infection occurs due to transmission from the transplanted organ, due to reactivation of latent infection, or after a primary infection in seronegative patients and can be defined as follows: latent infection, active infection, viral syndrome or invasive disease.This condition occurs mainly between 30 and 90 days after transplantation.In hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in particular, infection usually occurs ...

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a devastating CNS infection caused by JC virus (JCV), a polyomavirus that commonly establishes persistent, asymptomatic infection in the general population. Emerging evidence that PML can be ameliorated with novel immunotherapeutic approaches calls for reassessment of PML pathophysiology and clinical course. PML results from JCV reactivation in the setting of impaired cellular immunity, and no antiviral therapies are available, so survival depe...

Patients with rheumatic diseases receiving antitumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-based treatment may develop cutaneous reactions.To analyse the new onset or aggravation of skin lesions in patients with a rheumatic disease during treatment with TNF-alpha antagonists.We conducted a prospective analysis of 35 of 150 patients with a long history of rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease) and psoriatic arthritis, to test for the development of ...

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an extremely successful human herpes virus, which infects essentially all human beings at some time during their life span. EBV infection and the associated immune response results in production of antibodies (seroconversion), which occurs mainly during the first years of life, but may also happen during adolescence or later in life. Infection of adolescents can result in infectious mononucleosis, an acute serious condition characterized by massive lymphocytosis. Tran...

Journal Article High Incidence of Urinary JC Virus Excretion in Nonimmunosuppressed Older Patients Get access Tadaichi Kitamura, Tadaichi Kitamura Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yoshio Aso, Yoshio Aso Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Noboru Kuniyoshi,, Noboru Kuniyoshi, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kazuya Hara, Kazuya Hara Search for other works by th...

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) occurs in a fraction of patients with multiple sclerosis who were treated with natalizumab. Most adults who are infected with the JC virus, the etiologic agent in PML, do not have symptoms. We sought to determine whether exposure to natalizumab causes subclinical reactivation and neurotropic transformation of JC virus.

In 1968 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV; now human herpesvirus 4) was found to be the major cause of infectious mononucleosis (IM), a usually self-limited clinical syndrome ([10][1]). Only about 5% of adults in Western societies remain EBV uninfected; thus, antibody prevalence rates reach 95% or higher

Humans are infected with viruses that establish long-term persistent infections. To address whether immunocompetent individuals control virus reactivation globally or independently and to identify patterns of sporadic reactivation, we monitored herpesviruses and polyomaviruses in 30 adults, over 14 months. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA was quantitated in saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), cytomegalovirus (CMV) was assayed in urine, and JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) DNAs we...