The use of Opioids in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient: Main Characteristics, Risk Factors and Adverse Events

Opioids are frequently used for the treatment of preoperative and postoperative pain among patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The greatest risk for prolonged opioid use after TKA is preoperative opioid use. Despite the effectiveness of multimodal postoperative pain protocols, younger patients with preoperative history of narcotic use require additional opioids and are at a higher risk for complications and a greater length of...