Honokiol Attenuates the Memory Impairments, Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and GSK-3β Activation in Vascular Dementia Rats

Vascular dementia (VaD) is caused by chronic decreases in brain blood flow and accounts for 15–20% of dementia cases worldwide. In contrast to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), no effective drug treatments are currently available for VaD. Previous studies have suggested that oxidative stress and neuroinfla mmation in the brain play important roles in the pathogenesis of VaD. Honokiol (HKL) is a well-known bioactive and nutraceutical compound that can...