Observations and modeling of flat subduction and its geological effects

Flat subduction refers to low-angle (<10°) or sub-horizontal subduction of oceanic slabs. Flat subduction is only recognized in ~10% of present-day subduction zones, but its impact on the behavior of the overriding plate is particularly strong. For example, flat subduction zones are typically associated with stronger earthquakes. The deformation caused by typical flat subduction will transfer from the trench to the overriding continental...