Practical application of hierarchical task analysis and cognitive work analysis in a surgical training system design

Hierarchical task analysis (HTA) and cognitive work analysis (CWA) were applied to laparoscopic surgery to identify critical technical, cognitive, and social challenges. Our purpose was to understand the complexity of laparoscopy and use this knowledge to develop a surgical training system. Five laparoscopic procedures were analyzed using the HTA methodology, while generic laparoscopic approaches were analyzed by applying the five phases of the...