An intra-individual approach for detecting evaluation with event-related potentials

The P3-based concealed information test (CIT) is an accurate indirect measure of non-evaluative memories (e.g., knowledge of an incriminating item). Less clear and established, however, is the accuracy of indirect measures that rely on the P3-like late positive potentials (LPPs) in discriminating evaluative (e.g., pleasant or unpleasant) memories. Using an LPP-based evaluative oddball paradigm in which participants were truthful on half of the...