The long-term outcome of impulsive compulsive behaviours in Parkinson’s disease

Impulsive compulsive behaviours (ICBs) such as dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS), pathological gambling, compulsive sexual behaviour, punding, compulsive shopping and binge eating are recognised complications of dopaminergic treatment that affect at least one in seven patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).1 Only a few studies provide long-term data on ICBs although any firm conclusions are limited by restricted follow-up periods. We present...