Comparative computational appraisal of supercritical CO2-based natural circulation loop: effect of heat-exchanger and isothermal wall

Natural circulation loop (NCL) is a geometrically simple heat transfer device in which fluid flow occurs due to density gradient of loop fluid, induced by the temperature difference between the source and the sink. NCL has an inherent problem of instability caused by the combined effect of buoyancy, friction and inertia forces at varying operating conditions, and hence it requires an elegant solution of instability. The primary objective of the...