Highly sensitive photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on anatase/rutile TiO2 and Bi2S3 for the zero-biased detection of PSA

A novel label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor was developed for the determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode modified with anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2(a-r)) as a platform for the electrodeposition of bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3). The photoelectrochemical response of the TiO2(a-r) platform sensitized with Bi2S3 for the ascorbic acid donor molecule (AA) was...