Evidence-based and mechanistic insights into exclusion diets for IBS

Exclusion diets are becoming increasingly popular in the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several mechanisms exist by which food items might cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as direct osmotic effects of food in the gut lumen, changes to the gut microbiota and immune activation. These effects have been demonstrated in animal models and in human studies, particularly in the case of gluten-free diets and diets low in fermentable...