Optimization of cRGDfK ligand concentration on polymeric nanoparticles to maximize cancer targeting

Optimization of ligand density on polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) is critical for targeting solid tumors. Here, we prepared fluorescent cyanine 5.5 dye and cyclo(arginine–glycine–aspartic acid–phenylalanine–lysine) ligand-modified polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (Cy 5.5-cRGDfK-PEG-PLGA) NPs with different ligand concentrations and investigated their cancer-targeting abilities in vitro and in vivo. The PNPs self-assembled in an...