Beyond balancing selection: frequent mitochondrial recombination contributes to high‐female frequencies in gynodioecious Lobelia siphilitica (Campanulaceae)

Summary Gynodioecy is a sexual system in which females and hermaphrodites co‐occur. In most gynodioecious angiosperms, sex is determined by an interaction between mitochondrial male‐sterility genes ( CMS ) that arise via recombination and nuclear restorer alleles that evolve to suppress them. In theory, gynodioecy occurs when multiple CMS types are maintained at equilibrium frequencies by balancing selection. However, some gynodioecious...