Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity of the new psychoactive substance 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC)

To provide a review of the available data on 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC), its physicochemical properties, detection methods, patterns of abuse and prevalence, biological effects, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and mechanisms of toxicity have been presented and discussed. An exhaustive literature search was carried out with PubMed, drug use forums and blogs, and sites from governmental agencies. 3,4-DMMC is a synthetic...