Utilising near-infrared hyperspectral imaging to detect low-level peanut powder contamination of whole wheat flour

Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used for detecting low levels of peanut powder contamination in whole wheat flour, with concentrations of 0.01–10% (w/w). Two types of whole wheat flours, i.e. spring wheat flour (WFS) and winter wheat flour (WFW), were used. Minimum noise fraction combined with n-Dimensional visualiser tool was applied on light intensity calibrated hyperspectral images for preliminary discrimination. Competitive...