Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) patients are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related deaths in comparison with the general population. This review summarizes recent guideline recommendations and studies on primary and secondary prevention of traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in those with NDD-CKD. The use of antiplatelet agents for primary prevention in CKD is not supported by clinical...