Effect of ultrasonic and ball‐milling treatment on cell wall, nutrients, and antioxidant capacity of rose (Rosa rugosa) bee pollen, and identification of bioactive components

Bee pollen has been regarded as a complete nutritional human dietary supplement but its nutrient absorption and biological effects may be restricted by the complex pollen wall. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ultrasonic and ball-milling treatment on the release of nutritional components and on in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of rose (Rosa rugosa) bee pollen.Bee pollen walls were broken to varying degrees, nutrients...