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Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which allows the leakage and deposition of plasma proteins in the central nervous system (CNS), is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disease of the CNS characterized by activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the contribution of increased vascular permeability to the development of autoimmunity remains unclear. Here we show that the plasma protein fibrinogen,...