Pancreatic β-Cell production of CXCR3 ligands precedes diabetes onset

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from immune cell‐mediated reductions in function and mass of the insulin‐producing β‐cells within the pancreatic islets. While the initial trigger(s) that initiates the autoimmune process is unknown, there is a leukocytic infiltration that precedes islet β‐cell death and dysfunction. Herein, we demonstrate that genes encoding the chemokines CXCL9, 10, and 11 are primary response genes in pancreatic β‐cells...