Effects of Hydrodynamic Convection and Interionic Electrostatic Forces on Protein Crystallization

The biological function of a protein is intimately related to its three-dimensional molecular structure. Although X-ray diffraction from single crystals can be employed to solve for the molecular structure, use of this method is often impeded by the slow rate of precipitation of crystals in the pH-buffered, water-based, electrolyte solutions which ordinarily serve as growth media. By taking into account the interionic electrostatic forces that...