Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3 is up-regulated in cancer, drives the invasive phenotype, and predicts short survival.

2147 null null The early and pervasive tendency of cancer cells to invade into peritumoral normal tissue and to metastasize underlies the patient’s poor prognosis. This malignant spread of tumor cells prevents complete surgical resection and sequesters tumor cells outside the fields of focal radiation; each of these leads to heightened tumor recurrence. null A three dimensional spheroid invasion assay was employed to model the invasive behavior...