8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine: Links to gene expression, aging, and defense against oxidative stress

The one-electron oxidation product of guanine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), is an abundant lesion in genomic, mitochondrial, and telomeric DNA and RNA. It is considered to be a marker of oxidative stress that preferentially accumulates at the 5′ end of guanine strings in the DNA helix, in guanine quadruplexes, and in RNA molecules. 8-OxoG has a lower oxidation potential compared to guanine; thus it is susceptible to oxidation/reduction...