Incorporating heterogeneous parent-child environmental effects in biometrical genetic models

Heritability is an important index used to measure genetic effects in epidemiologic studies. For estimating heritability, researchers have proposed various statistical models to accommodate different study settings. These models include the ACE or ADE models for classical twin studies and the ACDE model for extended twin family studies. Researchers have shown that the ACDE model is less biased in heritability estimation, because of the...