Strategies for the treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas and how to achieve zero mortality for pancreaticoduodenectomy

Although various therapeutic modalities are available for carcinoma of the pancreas, null null is the most important. Thus, the aim of surgery for carcinoma of the pancreas is local complete resection of the carcinoma. Carcinoma of the head of the pancreas invades through the pancreatic parenchyma, following the arteries, veins, and especially nerves between the parenchyma and fusion fascia, and then spreads horizontally toward the superior...