The Preoperational Child??s Reaction to Immunization

Forty-four children, aged four to seven, who attended two midwestern metropolitan immunization clinics were studied in an attempt to ascertain their responses to a painful stimulus and to observe correlations between their behavioral responses and their subjective ratings of the experience. The children were screened with three tests—two Piaget tests for the preoperational stage of development and the Denver Development Screening Test for normal...