A Migratory Ungulate Facilitates Cross-Boundary Nitrogen Transport in Forested Landscapes

Forest ungulates impact ecosystems in a number of ways. Most studies have focused on consumptive effects that may cascade to other components of the ecosystem, and tend to be motivated by harvest management or the mitigation of undesired effects on vegetation. In this study, we demonstrate that white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a common forest ungulate in eastern North America, may directly increase availability and heterogeneity of...