Posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis following anterior cruciate ligament injury: Potential biochemical mediators of degenerative alteration and specific biochemical markers

As a common injury, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is unable to heal itself naturally, which possibly increases knee instability, accelerates the risk of joint degeneration and leads to knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the ACL‑injured knee. Thus, ACL reconstruction using an autograft or allograft tendon is proposed to maintain the biomechanical stability of the knee joint. However, previous studies demonstrate that surgical management of ACL...