Time allocation by a deep-diving bird reflects prey type and energy gain

Central-place foragers must decide how to trade off travel time with foraging time when energy costs and gains differ between available prey types. Oxygen consumption places a fundamental constraint on the available options for deep-diving birds. Dives exceeding the aerobic dive limit (ADL) are considered costly because they extend the interdive surface time. Nevertheless, dives exceeding ADL, combined with short surface pauses, may be an...