Sol-gel derived renewable-surface biosensors

A new type of sol-gel derived, polishable, amperometric biosensor is introduced. These new biosensors comprise enzymes immobilized in organically modified silica-carbon matrices. The silica backbone contributes rigidity, and the organically modified surface guarantees that water will not penetrate into the bulk of the electrode; the percolating carbon powder provides electric conductivity and shields the enzyme from the hostile environment...