Performance and alertness effects of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil during sleep deprivation

Summary Stimulants may provide short‐term performance and alertness enhancement during sleep loss. Caffeine 600 mg, d ‐amphetamine 20 mg, and modafinil 400 mg were compared during 85 h of total sleep deprivation to determine the extent to which the three agents restored performance on simple psychomotor tasks, objective alertness and tasks of executive functions. Forty‐eight healthy young adults remained awake for 85 h. Performance and alertness...