Many hybrid cloud topologies require virtual machines in a public cloud to use a router in a private cloud, even when the virtual machine is transmitting to another virtual machine in the public cloud. Routing data through an enterprise router on the private cloud via the internet is generally inefficient. This problem can be overcome by placing a router within the public cloud that mirrors much of the routing functionality of the enterprise router. A switch configured to intercept address resol...
Background E-cigarettes are alleged to be a gateway to cigarette smoking in non-smokers. This study examines whether the gateway theory has value, whether the criteria to establish causality have been met and what type of evidence is required to test this theory. Analysis Experiments are impractical, and we may not be able to test properly the gateway effects via observational studies that simply adjust for confounders. Multivariate models cannot eliminate all the variance i...
The Gateway Hypothesis describes how tobacco or alcohol use precedes marijuana and other illicit drug use. We review the epidemiological data, explore the underlying molecular mechanisms in mice and discuss the societal implications of the hypothesis, including the use of e-cigarettes by young people. Conclusion Our mouse model identifies biological processes underlying the hypothesis, showing that nicotine is a gateway drug that exerts a priming effect on cocaine through increased...
With the advancement of wireless energy harvesting and transfer technologies, e.g., radio frequency (RF) energy, mobile nodes are fully untethered as energy supply is more ubiquitous. The mobile nodes can receive energy from wireless chargers, which can be static or mobile. In this paper, we introduce the use of a mobile energy gateway that can receive energy from a fixed charging facility, as well as move and transfer energy to other users. The mobile energy gateway aims to maximi...
A default gateway router of a multi-homed site is configured for supplying, to a host device, a plurality of address prefixes having been advertised by respective exit routers providing respective connecting links for the multi-homed site to a wide area network. The default gateway router sends the address prefixes to the host device in a determined order based on a determined preference in the default gateway router for reaching the respective exit rout...
The idea that drug use in ‘softer’ forms leads to ‘harder’ drug use lies at the heart of the gateway theory, one of the most influential models of drug use of the twentieth century. Although hotly contested, the notion of the ‘gateway drug’ continues to rear its head in discussions of drug use—most recently in the context of electronic cigarettes. Based on a critical reading of a range of texts, including scholarly literature and media reports, we explore the history and gestation ...
Abstract Marine gateways prove to be important factors for changes in the ecology and biochemistry of marginal seas. Changes in gateway configuration played a dominant role in the Middle Miocene paleogeographic evolution of the Paratethys Sea that covered Central Eurasia. Here, we focus on the connection between the Central (CP) and Eastern Paratethys (EP) to understand the paleoenvironmental changes caused by the evolution of this marine gateway. We first construct an integ...
Summary This paper describes CyberGIS Gateway as an online problem-solving environment for multiple science communities to conduct data-rich geospatial research and education. CyberGIS Gateway is a key modality in the CyberGIS software environment. Scalable gateway application integration has been the focus of CyberGIS Gateway in order to efficiently develop highly interactive online geographic information systems (GIS) user interface components and couple a rich coll...