Mosaic of grasslands and woodlands is more effective than habitat connectivity to conserve butterflies in French farmland

In agricultural landscapes, permanent grassy habitats are often fragmented and partly composed of linear elements. Landscape-level connectivity of both grassland patches and grassy linear elements actively contributes to biodiversity conservation in farmland. Nevertheless, their respective importance has rarely been tested. Butterflies form a suitable model group for this purpose; they have suffered a major overall decline in the last few...