Sequential co‐infections drive parasite competition and the outcome of infection

Co‐infections by multiple parasites are common in natural populations. Some of these are likely to be the result of sequential rather than simultaneous infections. The timing of the co‐infections may affect their competitive interactions, thereby influencing the success of the parasites and their impact on the host. This may have important consequence for epidemiological and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. We examined in two ecological conditions the...