Butterfly optimization algorithm based methodology for enhancing the shaded photovoltaic array extracted power via reconfiguration process

The operation of the photovoltaic (PV) array under partial shadow conditions (PSCs) has negative effects on the extracted global maximum power (GMP) which is decreased due to the presence of power loss. Rearranging the shaded panels in the array is essential to enhance the GMP and diminish the effect of shadow, this process is known as PV array reconfiguration. Most of reported approaches did not guarantee the GMP and applicable to specific...