An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence assay for 4-nitrophenol by using luminol–NaIO4 reaction catalyzed by copper, nitrogen co-doped carbon dots

A chemiluminescence (CL) assay on the basis of the tremendous enhancing effect of copper and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (Cu,N-CDs) on the luminol–NaIO4 reaction was introduced for the determination of nanomolar levels of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Cu,N-CDs were synthesized by a hydrothermal approach and characterized by TEM, XRD, EDX, and FTIR analysis. The potential CL mechanism was elucidated by recording the CL spectrum and by evaluating the...