TERT C228T mutation in non‐malignant bladder urothelium is associated with intravesical recurrence for patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer

Telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ) promoter mutations are frequently found in tumors or urine from patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC). TERT promoter mutations are also detected in urine from patients with no evidence of cancer but are associated with subsequent UC development. Mutations in the TERT promoter are thought to be present in nonmalignant urothelium (NMU) during early stages of tumor formation prior to pathological change,...