Primary mitochondrial diseases increase susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are heterogeneous disorders caused by mutations in nuclear DNA-encoded and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded genes. Neurological impairment is common and reflects the susceptibility of the central nervous system to alterations in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Case reports and small-scale cross-sectional studies in PMD have suggested a high comorbidity with neuropsychiatric syndromes, including mood...