RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes exert ameliorative effects in type 2 diabetes by improving hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism via enhancing autophagy

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is currently considered to be an effective treatment strategy for diabetes and hepatic disorders, such as liver cirrhosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Exosomes are important mediators of cellular connections, and increasing evidence has suggested that exosomes derived from MSCs may be used as direct therapeutic agents; their mechanisms of action, however, remain largely unclear. Here, we...