A brief history of spaceflight from 1961 to 2020: An analysis of missions and astronaut demographics

Human spaceflight and the characteristics of people who become astronauts have changed over time. Here we present an analysis of n = 1265 manned spaceflights by n = 562 astronauts from 1961 to 2020 to investigate historical trends over time and between space agencies in terms of astronaut demographics and spaceflight duration. Generalized linear models and generalized linear mixed models were implemented with adjustments for all available...