A probabilistic model of human error assessment for autonomous cargo ships focusing on human–autonomy collaboration

Despite the use of automation technology in the maritime industry, human errors are still the typical navigational risk influencing factors in autonomous ships with the third degree of autonomy. However, there is an urgent need for new human error probability assessment focusing on the autonomous cargo ships with human–autonomy collaboration. Hence, to assess these human errors during the emergency response process, a probabilistic model is...