Quantifying the uncertainty in nitrogen application and groundwater nitrate leaching in manure based cropping systems

Uncertainty in application rates of nitrogen (N) limits the effectiveness of nutrient management plans that aim to realize yield goals while minimizing environmental N losses. Measuring N application rates accurately is especially difficult in manure dependent cropping systems. California dairies use both solid manure and process wastewater (PWW) to fertilize forage crop fields. California dairy farmers measure the ratio of N applied to N...