A Novel Classification of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Phenotypes Using Machine Learning Techniques: An International Multi-Institutional Analysis

Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) generally have a poor prognosis, yet there can be heterogeneity in the patterns of presentation and associated outcomes. We sought to identify clusters of ICC patients based on preoperative characteristics that may have distinct outcomes based on differing patterns of presentation. Patients undergoing curative-intent resection of ICC between 2000 and 2017 were identified using a...