User-comfort oriented optimal bidding strategy of an electric vehicle aggregator in day-ahead and reserve markets

With the increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs), there might be substantial problems due to the charging transactions in the power system and the balancing between supply and demand sides can be provided in the modern power system by considering EVs as a flexible load. EVs cannot directly participate in buying and selling energy from/to the electricity market because of their relatively low energy and power capacities. In this manner,...