Effect of welding variables on GTAW arc stagnation pressure

This paper presents the influence of welding current, electrode-workpiece distance, electrode composition, electrode diameter, electrode tip angle, shielding gas composition, and pulsed current frequency over the arc stagnation pressure of gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). In this study, arc application tests were carried out over a 1-mm diameter hole on a non-melting water-cooled copper plate. The hole was connected to a differential pressure...