Naïve domestic Bos taurus calves recognize the scent of a canine predator

Wild ungulates can recognize certain predators without previous experience, but this innate ability may be relaxed under domestication. Using naive dairy calves, Bos taurus, we examined the effects of exposure to a predator odour (coyote, Canis latrans, urine) and two control odours (deer urine and water) on (1) latency to approach a milk food reward, (2) exploration, vigilance and locomotor play, (3) magnitude of the startle response to a...