Nonlinear multi-scale dynamics modeling of piezoceramic energy harvesters with ferroelectric and ferroelastic hysteresis

Hysteretic nonlinearities significantly affect the behavior of devices based on piezoelectric materials. The topic has been widely addressed in the actuation framework, as modeling nonlinear effects is crucial for the dynamic control of piezoelectric actuators. Far less studies, however, discuss the role of hysteresis in the dynamic response of piezoelectric energy harvesters, usually adopting phenomenological modeling approaches. In this work,...