Effect of N-cyclic cationic groups in poly(phenylene oxide)-based catalyst ionomer membranes for anion exchange membrane fuel cells

Herein, as a binder (or catalyst ionomer) for AEMFCs, we investigated the effect of two different cationic copolymers based on poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) with N-cyclic quaternary ammonium (QA) groups, including six-membered dimethyl piperidinium (DMP) and bis-six-membered azonia-spiro undecane (ASU). An earlier report on the same polymers for membranes in AEMFCs indicated the better electrochemical performance of PPO-ASU compared with PPO-DMP....