Optimal decisions and distribution channel choice of closed-loop supply chain when e-retailer offers online marketplace

We study a closed-loop supply chain involving e-retailer’s online marketplace (i.e., platform service) and self-run shop, which are available options for upstream manufacturer to market new and remanufactured products. Considering the platform fee and the order fulfilment cost, we investigate four distribution channel modes, and obtain decision regions and corresponding optimal decisions for supply chain members. Furthermore, based on...