Super-intensive culture of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in outdoor biofloc systems with different sunlight exposure levels: Emphasis on commercial applications

Light is an important environmental factor for aquatic organisms. In biofloc systems, light intensity and photoperiod length might also affect the performance and biomass of culture animals as well as the microbial communities. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of light intensity on the nitrogen removal process, microbial communities and Litopenaeus vannamei performance at the commercial scale. The experiment was conducted in an outdoor...