Smoking and HIV associated with subclinical tuberculosis: analysis of a population-based prevalence survey

BACKGROUND: Despite multiple tuberculosis (TB) prevalence surveys reporting a relatively high frequency of bacteriologically confirmed, active TB among individuals reporting no typical symptoms of disease, our understanding of this phenomenon is limited. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the epidemiological burden and estimate associations between individual-level variables and this “subclinical” presentation. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of...