Middle Miocene climatic oscillations controlled by orbital-scale changes triggered environmental and vegetation variability in the Dinarides Lake System (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

The middle Miocene was a key period in Earth’s history as climate changed from one of the warmest phases of the Cenozoic Era, the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO), to colder conditions with the establishment of permanent ice sheets on Antarctica. This climate change had a profound impact on terrestrial ecosystems affecting vegetation worldwide. However, the scarceness of detailed pollen data at short-scale resolution for this time period precludes...